秦汉与罗马:评较中西的皇朝帝国



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  • Home
    • Sunny Y. Auyang
  • Cultural Comparison
    • The first age of empires
    • The rise and fall
    • Symbolisms
    • The founding emperors
    • Armies and Soldiers
    • Coinage and Economy
    • Cities and Housing
    • Piety and Dead
    • Education and Writing
    • Medicine and Science
    • Dress and Fashion
    • Food and Feasting
    • Leisure and Entertainment
    • Travel and Transportation
    • Neighboring Peoples
  • Silk Road
    • The Landscape
    • Peoples of the silk road
    • Prelude to the silk road
    • Beginning of the silk road
    • Buddhism and Islam
    • The Mongol Empire
  • Book
  • Essays
    • Roman-and early chinese empires
    • Ancient empires bequeath
    • Empire and Hegemony
    • Aristocracy and Ruling Elite
    • Religion and Politics
    • Family in ancient
    • Contacts between han china
    • Policy of mass slaughter
  • Home
    • Sunny Y. Auyang
  • Cultural Comparison
    • The first age of empires
    • The rise and fall
    • Symbolisms
    • The founding emperors
    • Armies and Soldiers
    • Coinage and Economy
    • Cities and Housing
    • Piety and Dead
    • Education and Writing
    • Medicine and Science
    • Dress and Fashion
    • Food and Feasting
    • Leisure and Entertainment
    • Travel and Transportation
    • Neighboring Peoples
  • Silk Road
    • The Landscape
    • Peoples of the silk road
    • Prelude to the silk road
    • Beginning of the silk road
    • Buddhism and Islam
    • The Mongol Empire
  • Book
  • Essays
    • Roman-and early chinese empires
    • Ancient empires bequeath
    • Empire and Hegemony
    • Aristocracy and Ruling Elite
    • Religion and Politics
    • Family in ancient
    • Contacts between han china
    • Policy of mass slaughter
  • 首页
    • 欧阳莹之,Sunny Y. Auyang
  • 中西文化比较
    • 世界上第一个大帝国时代
    • 秦汉皇朝和罗马帝国兴亡史
    • 龙在中国与鹰在罗马的象征
    • 开国之君
    • 战士和军队
    • 钱币和经济
    • 城市房屋
    • 养生送死
    • 教育书写
    • 医药科学
    • 服饰发型
    • 食物饮宴
    • 休闲娱乐
    • 交通运输
    • 邻国民族
  • 丝路
    • 欧亚大陆腹地风光
    • 丝路上的民族
    • 丝路前奏
    • 丝路之始
    • 丝路上的佛教和伊斯兰教
    • 蒙古帝国和马可勃罗
  • 专书
  • 文集
    • 秦汉皇朝和罗马帝国兴亡史
    • 中西帝国的王、霸概念
    • 中国皇朝与罗马帝国的异同
    • 中国皇朝与罗马帝国的统治阶层
    • 中西交通的开始
    • 从齐取燕事件看孟子的政治思想
    • 责任道德与绝对信念道德:两个先秦实例
    • 儒家的人治与罗马的法治
    • 泛道德主义
    • 儒家圣王典范的腐化作用

Education and writing in ancient Rome and China

图片
A sandstone relief from Gaul (now Neumagen in Germany) showing a teacher flanked by pupils, who read from papyrus scrolls. Third century. (Museum of Trier).
图片
Rubbing of tomb relief showing a master lecturing from a platform. Students of various ages sit on mats and read from strips or strips bound into a scroll. Latter Han Dynasty. (Chongqing Museum).
The Chinese invented paper, but not until the Latter Han Dynasty did it become fined enough to write on easily. Before then, strips of wood or bamboo were the common writing material. Silk books existed, but were very expensive.  Romans generally used wax tablets; papyrus and parchment were expensive.
图片
The everyday writing tools for Romans consisted of hinged tablets, filled with wax and written on with a stylus. Ready-to-melt wax blocks supplied refill when the used wax was scrapped out. (Verulamium Museum, St Albans, Hertforshire, UK.)
图片
The Chinese rub an ink stick with water on an ink slab to make ink when needed, and write with a brush. The slab with lacquer cover, shown above, is from Former Han Dynasty. The brush with rabbit hair is from the Warring-states period, preserved inside a bamboo tube.
图片
Rolls of papyrus were kept in round boxes to protect them from humidity.
图片
The left side shows excavated Qin laws written on bamboo strips, interred in 227 BEC. (Shihuangdi, Hubei).  The drawings on the right side illustrate how the strips are tied together into a sheet and rolled up for storage.
图片
Part of a large public dedication to the emperor Diocletian and Maximian (285-305) on a fragment of papyrus. It and some 50,000 papyrus scraps fromOxyrhynchus in Egypt provide valuable information for historians, just as excavated Chinese bamboo strips do.
图片
Left: Paper made with hemp in the Former Han Dynasty, excavated in Shaanxi, is too coarse for writing. Right: In the Latter Han (25-220 CE), inexpensive fine grade paper made of plant fiber became available. The scraps shown are excavated in Wuwei, Gansu.
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简体:  
首页
 - 欧阳莹之
中西文化比较
 - 世界上第一个大帝国时代
 - 秦汉皇朝和罗马帝国兴亡史
 - 龙在中国与鹰在罗马的象征
 - 开国之君
 - 战士和军队
 - 钱币和经济
 - 城市房屋
 - 养生送死
 - 教育书写
 - 医药科学
 - 服饰发型
 - 食物饮宴
 - 休闲娱乐
 - 交通运输
 - 邻国民族
丝路
 - 欧亚大陆腹地风光
 - 丝路上的民族
 - 丝路前奏
 - 丝路之始
 - 丝路上的佛教和伊斯兰教
 - 蒙古帝国和马可勃罗
专书
文集
 - 秦汉皇朝与罗马帝国兴亡史
 - 中西帝国的王、霸概念
 - 中国皇朝与罗马帝国的异同
 - 中国皇朝与罗马帝国的统治阶层
 - 中西交通的开始
 - 从齐取燕事件看孟子的政治思想
 - 责任道德与绝对信念道德:两个先秦实例
 - 泛道德主义
 - 儒家的人治与罗马的法治
 - 儒家圣王典范的腐化作用
繁體 :
首頁
 - 歐陽瑩之
中西文化比較
 - 世界上第一個大帝國時代
 - 秦漢皇朝和羅馬帝國興亡史
 - 龍在中國與鷹在羅馬的象徵
 - 開國之君
 - 戰士和軍隊
 - 錢幣和經濟
 - 城市房屋
 - 養生送死
 - 教育書寫
 - 醫藥科學
 - 服飾髮型
 - 食物飲宴
 - 休閒娛樂
 - 交通運輸
 - 鄰國民族
絲路
 - 歐亞大陸腹地風光
 - 絲路上的民族
 - 絲路前奏
 - 絲路之始
 - 絲路上的佛教和伊斯蘭教
 - 蒙古帝國和馬可勃羅
專書
文集(繁)
 - 秦漢皇朝與羅馬帝國興亡史
 - 中西帝國的王,霸概念
 - 中國皇朝與羅馬帝國的異同
 - 中國皇朝與羅馬帝國的統治階層
 - 中西交通的開始
 - 從齊取燕事件看孟子的政治思想
 - 責任道德與絕對信念道德:兩個先秦實例
 - 泛道德主義
​ - 儒家的人治與羅馬的法治
 - 儒家聖王典範的腐化作用
English:
HOME
 - Sunny Y. Auyang
CULTURAL COMPARISON
 - The First Age of Empires
 - The Rise and fall of the Roman and Early Chinese Empires
 - Symbolisms of the Chinese Dragon and Roman Eagle
 - The founding emperors
 - Armies and soldiers
 - Coinage and the economy
 - Cities and housing
 - Piety to the living and the dead
 - Education and writing
 - Medicine and science
 - Dress and fashion
 - Food and feasting
 - Leisure and entertainment
 - Travel and transportation
 - Neighboring peoples
SILK ROAD
 - The landscape of Central Eurasia
 - Peoples of the Silk Road
 - Prelude to the Silk Road
 - Beginning of the Silk Road
 - Buddhism and Islam along the Silk Road
 - The Mongol Empire and Marco Polo
BOOK
ESSAYS
 - The rise and fall of the Roman and Early Chinese Empires
 - China and Rome: What “culture genes” did the ancient empires bequeath?
 - Empire and hegemony
 - Aristocracy and the ruling elite
 - Religion and politics in ancient China and Rome
 - The family in ancient China and Rome
 - Contacts between Han China and the Roman Empire
 - Did Qin had a policy of mass slaughter?
  • 首页
    • 欧阳莹之,Sunny Y. Auyang
  • 中西文化比较
    • 世界上第一个大帝国时代
    • 秦汉皇朝和罗马帝国兴亡史
    • 龙在中国与鹰在罗马的象征
    • 开国之君
    • 战士和军队
    • 钱币和经济
    • 城市房屋
    • 养生送死
    • 教育书写
    • 医药科学
    • 服饰发型
    • 食物饮宴
    • 休闲娱乐
    • 交通运输
    • 邻国民族
  • 丝路
    • 欧亚大陆腹地风光
    • 丝路上的民族
    • 丝路前奏
    • 丝路之始
    • 丝路上的佛教和伊斯兰教
    • 蒙古帝国和马可勃罗
  • 专书
  • 文集
    • 秦汉皇朝和罗马帝国兴亡史
    • 中西帝国的王、霸概念
    • 中国皇朝与罗马帝国的异同
    • 中国皇朝与罗马帝国的统治阶层
    • 中西交通的开始
    • 从齐取燕事件看孟子的政治思想
    • 责任道德与绝对信念道德:两个先秦实例
    • 儒家的人治与罗马的法治
    • 泛道德主义
    • 儒家圣王典范的腐化作用